How US & European Union Sanctions Impact Russia Essay

How US & European Union Sanctions Impact Russia - Essay Example They majored on this sector because they had background information that Russia’s domestic budget relied heavily on the sales of this product. The result from terrible double sanctions together with sliding oil prices, in November 2014 the Russian economy decreased by 0.5 percent that was that decline experienced over the period of five years. To the Russian economy, some adverse effects were experienced because of these sanctions and drifting of oil prices (Cotella). As per the trading record, the value of the dollar against the Russian currency dropped by about 20 percent on December 26, 2014. The exchange market had reached 80 rubles for one US dollar. Since the year 1998, this was the highest recorded rate, and this ventured the country to a debt default after the disarray from the previous crisis. In the initial rise of the dollar price, seemed ineffective. The later staged its way and staged its biggest rally in the duration of 16 years, and this prompted to scramble so that they could meet the tax deadline. The Russian government wanted to put this into practice by forcing the exporters to convert their foreign exchange into Russian currency (Jones and Whitworth). The Russian central bank found itself in unexpected and vast scrambling rates, and this was targeting to rectification in giving a ruble a hand. Currency speculation and crushing blow were another meaning of the experienced higher rates. The potential spark of massive short covering was an anticipation of turnaround of the ruble to maintain the position that it was holding. The consumers and corporations also faced the tragedy of higher rates of interest when was a havoc (THE MONTH IN BRIEF: IS Oil Installations Attacked, Libyan Output Recovers And EU And US Prepare More Sanctions Against Russia). The combinations of sanctions and reduced oil prices lead to depression and rises. The Russian central bank said that in a the circumstance where crude oil averages 60 dollars per barrel on

Healthcare Reforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Healthcare Reforms - Essay Example e services available to customers; and to cut the healthcare costs (Kronenfeld & Kronenfeld, 2004). The Obama administration has introduced a range of far-reaching reforms of the healthcare system, the most comprehensive since the adoption of the Medicare act in 1965 (Parks, 2011). This paper will review these health care reforms since health care reforms would be beneficial by reducing the overall price per family requirement and medical treatment delivered. Having these basic necessities available would make living in this country easier on the mind as well as the wallet. Having the ability to use the hospital’s resources in a time of need is a common resource not readily available to all Americans.The combined public-private healthcare scheme that was in existent before the healthcare reforms of 2010 was one of the costliest systems globally, with the costs of health care being the highest per individual as compared to any other country (Parks, 2011). Besides, United States comes second, after East Timor, in terms of the percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) that is used on healthcare among the member countries of the United Nations (Parks, 2011). An independent research on global patterns of spending on health care indicates that United States uses more than any other member state in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (Williams, 2011). Regardless of the massive spending, the research indicates that usage of health care servicesis lower thanthe OECD standards by most indicators. In addition, the findings show that costs incurred by individuals for various health care services are appreciably greater in the US (Williams, 2011). Therefore, these healthcare reforms are a relief to most American families as they will have access to more affordable health care resources and services whenever they need them. For instance, they introducecost-free preventative services, prohibition of insurance companies from barring person s with pre-existing conditions from getting their policies among many other comprehensive benefits to citizens (Williams, 2011). Opponents of these reforms argue thatincreasing the hospital’s resources to the general public at a no-cost rate would spark greed. They suggest that these patients and hospitals alike would disregard the cost and expect the government to front the bill. However, this is not true; the fact is these reforms do not make the system a single-payer scheme in which the state has total control over the health care. The changes would still retain the private insurance system (Parks, 2011). The reforms are only intensifying government’s regulation over health care insurance providers. Besides, an alternative for a public insurance scheme, administered in a similar manner to Medicare, brings in additionalstatefinancing into health care and willchange the market whilstchallengingthe private insurers in an exchange (Parks, 2011). The fact is that a publi c schemeincreases the government’s regulation but it is not a takeover of system. Health care reform